Jurnal Riset Ilmu Ekonomi

Pengaruh Fee-Based Income Sebagai Proksi Digitalisasi Terhadap Profitabilitas Perbankan

2026-08-25T02:04:00-07:00

The rapid development of digitalization has transformed banking services and created new sources of fee-based income. However, whether digitalization necessarily improves bank profitability remains an open question. This study examines the effect of Fee-Based Income (FBI) as a proxy for digitalization on bank profitability in Indonesia and explores whether its effects differ across bank groups. Using panel data from 17 banks, comprising 13 KBMI 3 banks and 4 KBMI 4 banks, over the 2016-2025 period, digitalization is proxied by FBI, while profitability is measured by Return on Assets (ROA). The analysis employs a Fixed Effects Model, with Panel EGLS applied to the KBMI 3 group. The model includes SIZE, BOPO, and LDR, while NPL and CAR are added as control variables. The results show that FBI has a negative and significant effect on ROA among KBMI 3 banks, while its effect is insignificant among KBMI 4 banks. The findings indicate that digitalization proxied by FBI does not automatically translate into higher profitability and that its effects vary across bank groups.

Capital Relocation and Regional Inequality: Evidence from Indonesia’s New Capital in East Kalimantan

2026-08-21T01:38:41-07:00

Indonesia's decision to relocate its national capital from Jakarta to Nusantara (IKN) in East Kalimantan has sparked substantial debate over whether this mega-project amplifies or alleviates spatial inequality in the host region. This study examines the causal effect of the capital city relocation on regional inequality by employing a Difference-in-Differences (DiD) approach using panel data from ten districts and cities in East Kalimantan over the period 2015–2024. Penajam Paser Utara and Kutai Kartanegara, the two districts directly hosting the new capital, are treated as the treatment group and compared against the remaining districts as controls, using four outcome variables: the Gini coefficient, GRDP per capita growth, the poverty rate, and the Human Development Index (HDI). The results show that the treated districts experienced meaningful improvements in economic growth and human development following the relocation, indicating that the project has generated tangible local benefits. However, these gains were accompanied by a widening of income inequality, suggesting that the economic momentum generated by relocation has been unevenly distributed, with urban enclaves and construction-related sectors benefiting disproportionately relative to surrounding communities. The parallel-trends assumption underlying the DiD identification strategy is confirmed, supporting the credibility of the causal estimates. These findings underscore the need for more equitable spatial development planning to ensure that the benefits of IKN's development are shared more broadly across the host region.

Determinan Total Factor Productivity: Peran Sektor Basis, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia dan Infrastruktur Jalan di Kabupaten/Kota Jawa Barat Tahun 2018–2025

2026-08-26T19:58:17-07:00

This study investigates how base sector, human capital quality (proxied by HDI), and road infrastructure jointly shape Total Factor Productivity (TFP) across 27 regencies/cities in West Java during the 2018–2025 period. TFP values were derived from the error term of a Cobb-Douglas production estimation, while base sectors were identified using the Location Quotient (LQ) approach. A Fixed Effect Model was applied to the panel dataset for the empirical analysis. Findings show HDI carries a positive, statistically meaningful association with TFP, whereas neither the sector-specialization variable nor road infrastructure reaches statistical significance despite showing positive and negative coefficients respectively. Taken together, the three predictors jointly explain roughly 21.33 percent of TFP's variation and are collectively significant. These results point to human capital development as the more pressing lever for narrowing productivity gaps across regions, while sector specialization and infrastructure quality call for a more integrated policy response going forward.